Top 5 most popular programming languages in 2013

Programming language is a formal language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Sometimes when someone said programming language, they are also referring to scripting language, which are separate kind of languages. In layman’s term, a programming language doesn’t need another language for it to run properly, wherein a scripting language does need another language for it to run properly.

         The following are the most popular programming languages in 2013:

Source: gradleware

Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented computer programming language that is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), meaning that code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.

Strengths: WORA, popularity

Weaknesses: Slower than natively compiled languages

Sample syntax:

class HelloWorldApp {   

public static void main(String[] args) {           

     System.out.println("Hello World!");

 }

}

C++ is a programming language that is general purpose, statically typed, free form, multi-paradigm and compiled. It is regarded as an intermediate-level language, as it comprises both high-level and low-level language features. Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs, C++ was originally named C with Classes, adding object oriented features, such as classes, and other enhancements to the C programming language. The language was renamed C++ in 1983, as a pun involving the increment operator.

Strengths: Speed

Weaknesses: Older and considered clumsy if compared to Java

Sample syntax:

#include

using namespace std;

void main(){

  cout << "Hello World!";  

}

C# is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing strong typing, imperative, declarative, functional, procedural, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. It was developed by Microsoft within its .NET initiative and later approved as a standard by Ecma (ECMA-334) and ISO (ISO/IEC 23270:2006). C# is one of the programming languages designed for the Common Language Infrastructure.

Strengths: Powerful and fast

Weaknesses: Only really suitable for Windows

Sample syntax:

public class Hello1 {   

public static void Main() {           

     System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");   

}

}

Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in languages such as C. The language provides constructs intended to enable clear programs on both a small and large scale.

Strengths: Excellent readability and overall philosophy

Weaknesses: No explicit return types

Sample syntax:

def main():

    print("Hello World!")

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main()

C is a general-purpose programming language initially developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. Like most imperative languages in the ALGOL tradition, C has facilities for structured programming and allows lexical variable scope and recursion, while astatic type system prevents many unintended operations. Its design provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and therefore it has found lasting use in applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language, most notably system software like the Unix computer operating system.

Strengths: Speed

Weaknesses: Memory Management, difficult to master

Sample syntax:

#include  

main(){     

    printf("Hello World");

}

Sources:

Programming language

Java programming language

C++ programming language

C# programming language

Python programminglanguage

C programming language

Most popular programminglanguages