Wednesday, September 18, 2013

Top 5 most popular programming languages in 2013

Programming language is a formal language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Sometimes when someone said programming language, they are also referring to scripting language, which are separate kind of languages. In layman’s term, a programming language doesn’t need another language for it to run properly, wherein a scripting language does need another language for it to run properly.

         The following are the most popular programming languages in 2013:
Java - most popular programming language
Source: gradleware
Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented computer programming language that is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), meaning that code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.

Strengths: WORA, popularity
Weaknesses: Slower than natively compiled languages

Sample syntax:

class HelloWorldApp {   
public static void main(String[] args) {           
     System.out.println("Hello World!");
 }
}


C++ is a programming language that is general purpose, statically typed, free form, multi-paradigm and compiled. It is regarded as an intermediate-level language, as it comprises both high-level and low-level language features. Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs, C++ was originally named C with Classes, adding object oriented features, such as classes, and other enhancements to the C programming language. The language was renamed C++ in 1983, as a pun involving the increment operator.

Strengths: Speed
Weaknesses: Older and considered clumsy if compared to Java

Sample syntax:

#include
using namespace std;
void main(){
  cout << "Hello World!";  
}


C# is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing strong typing, imperative, declarative, functional, procedural, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. It was developed by Microsoft within its .NET initiative and later approved as a standard by Ecma (ECMA-334) and ISO (ISO/IEC 23270:2006). C# is one of the programming languages designed for the Common Language Infrastructure.
Strengths: Powerful and fast
Weaknesses: Only really suitable for Windows

Sample syntax:

public class Hello1 {   
public static void Main() {           
     System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");   
}
}


Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in languages such as C. The language provides constructs intended to enable clear programs on both a small and large scale.

Strengths: Excellent readability and overall philosophy
Weaknesses: No explicit return types

Sample syntax:

def main():
    print("Hello World!")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

C is a general-purpose programming language initially developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. Like most imperative languages in the ALGOL tradition, C has facilities for structured programming and allows lexical variable scope and recursion, while astatic type system prevents many unintended operations. Its design provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and therefore it has found lasting use in applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language, most notably system software like the Unix computer operating system.

Strengths: Speed
Weaknesses: Memory Management, difficult to master

Sample syntax:

#include  
main(){     
    printf("Hello World");
}

Sources:

9 comments:

  1. it's very helpful to me for a paper presentation.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Replies
    1. For good reason. It's 2014 in the Western World. This isn't 2003 Bulgaria.

      Delete
  3. can any one help answer my question, I am so curious what did the programmers use to create computer's languages, such as C, Java, PHP, Phyton and etc. ..

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. These articles would help answering your questions:

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_programming_languages
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_programming_languages
      http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/141356/what-was-the-first-programming-language-written-for-computers

      Delete
  4. hello i want to ask ques which language iz better for me actuly i complete my bca and web designing
    would u plzzz help me !!!!

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Since you're already finished with web designing, try to learn web developing, study PHP with JavaScript (Ajax, and JQuery)

      Delete
    2. Don't do PHP (Pretty Hopeless Programming). the cool kids do Ruby. Nodejs is taking over though... seriously, PHP is for bloggers and little script kiddies in their little agencies. Serious developers don't touch it!

      Really, you will want to do C# MVC. All big business go with Microsoft technologies. .NET devs earn way more than other Web Devs (excluding pure JavaScript guys)

      Delete

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